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Maritime technology, in plain words

Connectivity, protocols, cargo tracking, platforms, AI and integration. The pillars and terms.

Connectivity

Satellite, VSAT, LEO, cellular and hybrid links at sea.

Maritime Connectivity: How Ships Stay Online at Sea
Pillar

Maritime Connectivity: How Ships Stay Online at Sea

Connectivity at sea is hard: links drop, latency varies, and bandwidth is expensive. Modern fleets layer…

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Starlink Maritime: LEO Satellite Internet for Ships
Term

Starlink Maritime: LEO Satellite Internet for Ships

Starlink uses a large low-Earth-orbit constellation to deliver fast, low-latency internet at sea, reshaping…

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VSAT: Very Small Aperture Terminal for Ships
Term

VSAT: Very Small Aperture Terminal for Ships

VSAT has connected ships via geostationary satellites for decades, offering wide, predictable coverage across…

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Inmarsat Fleet Xpress & FleetBroadband
Term

Inmarsat Fleet Xpress & FleetBroadband

Inmarsat's FleetBroadband and Fleet Xpress are widely used maritime satellite services known for global…

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Iridium Certus: Global L-band Connectivity & GMDSS
Term

Iridium Certus: Global L-band Connectivity & GMDSS

Iridium's network of 66 low-orbit satellites gives genuine pole-to-pole coverage, making Certus a reliable…

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OneWeb (Eutelsat): LEO Connectivity for Maritime
Term

OneWeb (Eutelsat): LEO Connectivity for Maritime

OneWeb, now under Eutelsat, is a LEO broadband constellation offering low-latency connectivity at sea,…

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L-band Mobile Satellite Services (MSS) at Sea
Term

L-band Mobile Satellite Services (MSS) at Sea

L-band mobile satellite services prioritise reliability and small antennas over speed, the link that keeps…

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GMDSS: Global Maritime Distress and Safety System
Term

GMDSS: Global Maritime Distress and Safety System

GMDSS is the internationally mandated framework that ensures ships can call for help and receive safety…

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Hybrid Maritime Connectivity & Auto-Failover
Term

Hybrid Maritime Connectivity & Auto-Failover

No single link is enough at sea, so fleets combine LEO, VSAT and L-band with automatic failover to stay…

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Cellular Connectivity at Sea (4G/5G & Roaming)
Term

Cellular Connectivity at Sea (4G/5G & Roaming)

Close to shore and in port, cellular 4G/5G provides fast, low-cost connectivity that complements satellite,…

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Protocols & data

NMEA, J1939, Modbus, OPC-UA, MQTT and vessel-data standards.

Onboard Data Protocols & Standards on Ships
Pillar

Onboard Data Protocols & Standards on Ships

A modern ship is a patchwork of devices that each speak their own protocol. Turning that into one usable data…

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NMEA 0183: The Legacy Marine Serial Protocol
Term

NMEA 0183: The Legacy Marine Serial Protocol

NMEA 0183 is the long-standing text-based serial protocol for marine electronics, still found in AIS and many…

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NMEA 2000 (N2K): The Standard Marine Network Bus
Term

NMEA 2000 (N2K): The Standard Marine Network Bus

NMEA 2000 is the plug-and-play, CAN-based network that has become the de-facto standard for connecting modern…

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NMEA OneNet: Marine Ethernet for High-Bandwidth Data
Term

NMEA OneNet: Marine Ethernet for High-Bandwidth Data

NMEA OneNet brings marine networking onto Ethernet and IP, carrying far more data than NMEA 2000 for systems…

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SAE J1939: Engine & Machinery Data on CAN
Term

SAE J1939: Engine & Machinery Data on CAN

SAE J1939 is the higher-layer CAN protocol that engines and heavy machinery use for control and diagnostics,…

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Modbus: Industrial Protocol for Ship Automation
Term

Modbus: Industrial Protocol for Ship Automation

Modbus is a simple, decades-old industrial protocol found throughout ship automation, tank gauging, energy…

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OPC-UA: Industrial Interoperability Standard
Term

OPC-UA: Industrial Interoperability Standard

OPC-UA is a modern, secure, platform-independent industrial standard used in ship automation and as an…

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MQTT: Lightweight Telemetry for IoT & Ships
Term

MQTT: Lightweight Telemetry for IoT & Ships

MQTT is a lightweight publish/subscribe messaging protocol that suits the weak, intermittent and costly links…

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ISO 19848: Standard Data Structure for Ship Machinery
Term

ISO 19848: Standard Data Structure for Ship Machinery

ISO 19848 gives shipboard machinery data a standard structure and naming, so vessel data becomes portable and…

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ISO 19847: Shipboard Data Servers
Term

ISO 19847: Shipboard Data Servers

ISO 19847 defines the shipboard data servers that collect and share vessel data on board and with shore,…

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CAN Bus: The Backbone Behind Marine Networks
Term

CAN Bus: The Backbone Behind Marine Networks

CAN bus is the rugged multi-master serial network that sits underneath both NMEA 2000 and SAE J1939.

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IEC 61162-450: Lightweight Ethernet for Ship Systems
Term

IEC 61162-450: Lightweight Ethernet for Ship Systems

IEC 61162-450, known as Lightweight Ethernet, standardises how shipboard navigation and bridge systems share…

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Cargo tracking

AIS, trackers, RFID/BLE, smart containers, DCSA Track & Trace.

Cargo Tracking & Supply-Chain Visibility
Pillar

Cargo Tracking & Supply-Chain Visibility

Knowing where cargo is — and what condition it's in — spans devices on the box, carrier data and vessel…

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AIS: Automatic Identification System for Ships
Term

AIS: Automatic Identification System for Ships

AIS is the transponder system that broadcasts a ship's identity and movement, underpinning both collision…

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Cargo Trackers: GPS, Cellular & Satellite Devices
Term

Cargo Trackers: GPS, Cellular & Satellite Devices

Cargo trackers are battery-powered devices on containers or pallets that report position, and often…

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RFID in Maritime Logistics
Term

RFID in Maritime Logistics

RFID identifies cargo and assets wirelessly at gates and yards, enabling fast inventory without line of sight.

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BLE Asset Tags for Short-Range Tracking
Term

BLE Asset Tags for Short-Range Tracking

BLE tags are tiny, low-cost, long-life beacons that locate and group assets at short range, with gateways…

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Smart Containers & Electronic Seals (eSeals)
Term

Smart Containers & Electronic Seals (eSeals)

Smart containers and electronic seals bring connectivity, security and condition awareness to the box itself,…

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Reefer & Cold-Chain Monitoring
Term

Reefer & Cold-Chain Monitoring

Reefer monitoring continuously watches refrigerated containers, protecting perishable cargo by catching…

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DCSA Track & Trace: Standardized Shipment Visibility
Term

DCSA Track & Trace: Standardized Shipment Visibility

DCSA Track & Trace is an open industry standard that delivers consistent, real-time container status across…

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DCSA eBL: The Electronic Bill of Lading
Term

DCSA eBL: The Electronic Bill of Lading

The electronic Bill of Lading digitizes shipping's central document of title, making transfer faster, more…

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Internet of Cargo: Connected, Self-Aware Shipments
Term

Internet of Cargo: Connected, Self-Aware Shipments

The Internet of Cargo extends IoT to the goods themselves, so shipments can sense, communicate and react…

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Fleet platforms

PMS/ERP, vessel-data platforms and edge on board.

AI & analytics

Prediction, anomaly detection, fuel optimization, RAG, CII.

Integration & APIs

REST, webhooks, MCP, gateways and ISO data exchange.